Creatine, chemical name methyl guanidine-acetic acid [NH2-C(NH)-NCH2(COOH)-CH3],
is a nitrogenous organic acid naturally occuring in vertebrates that helps to
supply energy to muscle cells. Creatine derives from the Greek word kreas
(meaning meat) and is a combination of three amino acids - arginine, glycine,
and methionine.
In the muscles, a fraction of the total creatine binds to phosphate - forming
creatine phosphate. The reaction is catalysed by creatine kinase, and the result
is phosphocreatine (PCr). Phosphocreatine binds with adenosine diphosphate to
convert it back to ATP (adenosine triphosphate), an important cellular energy
source.
Typically, half of the creatine (Cr) in our body comes from the food we eat (mainly
from meat and fish), while the other half is synthesized from certain amino acids
(glycine and arginine) in the liver, pancreas, and kidneys. 95% is stored in the
skeletal muscles, the rest in the brain, heart, and testes.
Definition from Wikipedia.org.
